The father of modern robotics Ismail Al Jazari

Ismail al-Jazari, also known as Badi' al-Zaman Abu al-'Izz Isma'il ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazari, was a prominent Muslim polymath, engineer, and inventor who lived during the 12th century. He was born in 1136 CE in the city of Cizre, located in present-day Turkey.

Al-Jazari is best known for his significant contributions to the field of engineering and the development of innovative mechanical devices. He wrote a renowned book titled "The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices" (Arabic: Kitāb fī ma'rifat al-hiyal al-handasiyya), also known as "The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices and Mechanical Contrivances." The book describes various mechanical devices, automata, and water-powered mechanisms.

Some of the inventions and devices described in Al-Jazari's book include the crank-driven suction pump, water-raising machines, water clocks, musical automata, a flushing mechanism for toilets, a robotic band, and many other ingenious devices. His work demonstrated a deep understanding of mechanical principles and showcased the application of engineering knowledge in practical inventions.

Al-Jazari's contributions to mechanical engineering and automation were highly influential and had a lasting impact on subsequent generations of inventors and engineers. His work laid the foundation for the development of more advanced machines and mechanisms in the centuries that followed.

Al-Jazari's legacy continues to be celebrated today as a pioneer in the field of engineering and a notable figure in the history of technology and innovation. His work exemplifies the rich tradition of scientific and technological advancements in the Islamic world during the medieval period.