Why is a capacitor used in a ceiling fan?

Oh, the humble capacitor, the unsung hero of ceiling fan operation! 😄

Imagine this: you're trying to start a single-phase induction motor, like the one in your ceiling fan. It's a bit like trying to push a boulder uphill - it's tough to get it moving. That's where the capacitor comes in.

The capacitor helps the motor overcome its initial inertia and start spinning. It stores electrical energy and releases it in a controlled way, giving the motor the extra push it needs to get going. Once the fan is up and running, the capacitor keeps things smooth and steady, helping the motor maintain its speed.

In other words, the capacitor is like a personal trainer for your ceiling fan. It gets it off the couch and running laps around the room, keeping it fit and efficient. So, the next time you're enjoying a cool breeze from your ceiling fan, give a little thanks to the capacitor - it's the unsung hero of your comfort! 😊

What will happen if we give 60hz supply to a 50hz rated induction motor?

If you give a 60Hz supply to a 50Hz rated induction motor, it's like asking a sloth to keep up with a cheetah at a marathon. The motor will try to keep up, but it won't be able to match the speed of the new supply frequency. 

This mismatch in frequency can lead to several consequences:

1. Increased speed: The motor will spin faster, about 20% faster than its rated speed. This could be a problem if the motor is connected to a mechanical load that can't handle the increased speed.

2. Reduced torque: The motor's torque will decrease proportionally to the frequency increase. This means the motor will have less "oomph" to drive the load.

3. Overheating: The motor will draw more current to compensate for the reduced torque, leading to increased heat generation. This can shorten the motor's lifespan and potentially cause it to fail prematurely.

4. Increased vibration: The motor may vibrate more due to the mismatch between the rotor and stator magnetic fields.

In short, it's like trying to fit a square peg into a round hole. It might work, but it's not ideal and could lead to problems down the line.

Which is better conductor of electricity aluminium or copper and why?

Copper! It's like the Usain Bolt of electrical conductivity among common metals. Copper is a much better conductor than aluminum, with a conductivity of around 5.96×10^7 S/m compared to aluminum's 3.5×10^7 S/m. 

Why is copper such a great conductor? It's all about those free electrons! Copper has one valence electron that's just itching to move around, creating a strong repelling reaction in other electrons. This means it takes very little resistance for an electric current to flow through copper.

Aluminum, on the other hand, is like the tortoise in this race. It's a decent conductor, but it just can't keep up with copper. Aluminum has three valence electrons, which makes it harder for an electric current to flow smoothly.

So, if you're looking for a metal that's a whiz at conducting electricity, copper is your go-to metal. Just remember, with great conductivity comes great cost - copper is more expensive than aluminum. But hey, you get what you pay for, right?